CISA, alongside the FBI, NSA, and international partners, is warning about the persistent threat of Fast Flux, a DNS evasion method used by ransomware groups and state-backed attackers. This technique, though not new, remains effective in concealing malicious infrastructure by frequently rotating DNS records to avoid detection and takedown.
Fast Flux operates via compromised systems acting as relays, supporting malware distribution, phishing, and command-and-control functions. There are two types: Single Flux, which rotates IPs, and Double Flux, which also changes name servers for increased stealth.
Threat groups like Gamaredon and Hive ransomware have used this method to outmaneuver law enforcement.
To combat this, CISA advises organizations to monitor DNS patterns for anomalies, integrate threat intelligence, and analyze network traffic for signs of rapid IP switching.
Mitigation strategies include applying DNS/IP blocklists, sinkholing traffic for analysis, and participating in threat-sharing communities. Implementing tailored detection rules based on historical network behavior can also improve defenses against Fast Flux campaigns.
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